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Notes that are not verse specific
This list of kings of cities confirms what we have been seeing - that the land of Canaan was made up of a number of city states. When Israel entered the land this fragmentation continued through the period of the Judges and only changed when David became king.
Peter Forbes [Mountsorrel (UK)] Comment added in 2002 Reply to Peter
This chapter is a summary of the conquest of the Promised Land. Moses had led the people on the east of Jordan, and Joshua fought the battles on the west, in Canaan.
David Simpson [Worcester (UK)] Comment added in 2004 Reply to David
This chapter contains a summary of the conquests made by the Children of Israel after entering the promised land. We have recorded for us, some places not noted previously. The boundaries of the land acquired beyond Jordon are also provided for us.
John Wilson [Toronto West (Can)] Comment added in 2006 Reply to John
It is notable that Sihon appears as the first in the list here as having been conquered. Numbers 21 reads like a story of a local warlord oppressing his neighbouring chieftans. Num 21:21-34 tells us that Israel asks to pass by him; that they were refused and that he then attacked them; that he took the "former" king of Moab; that there were proverbs written about his oppression and prowess; that Yahweh tells Israel not to fear him and that they then consign him to defeat. He was an oppressor and he was then oppressed by Israel. So his own rules applied in his own defeat. Biut more especially, in defeating him, Moses demonstrated that God ruled in the kingdoms of men and set up whosoever he willed. Presumably, if he defeated the "former" king of Moab, then the present one was one of whom he may have approved. That would mean that they would have been allies and would have acted with his approval. Therefore he is at the head of the list of defeated kings. Also he is the first of the big kings who Israel defeated, so increasing the witness to Israel's God over Chemosh and the rest.
Ross Melles [Waitakere, Auckland (NZ)] Comment added in 2011 Reply to Ross
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1. Now these are the kings <4428> of the land <776>, which the children <1121> of Israel <3478> smote <5221>(8689), and possessed <3423>(8799) their land <776> on the other side <5676> Jordan <3383> toward the rising <4217> of the sun <8121>, from the river <5158> Arnon <769> unto mount <2022> Hermon <2768>, and all the plain <6160> on the east <4217>:
2. Sihon <5511> king <4428> of the Amorites <567>, who dwelt <3427>(8802) in Heshbon <2809>, and ruled <4910>(8802) from Aroer <6177>, which is upon the bank <8193> of the river <5158> Arnon <769>, and from the middle <8432> of the river <5158>, and from half <2677> Gilead <1568>, even unto the river <5158> Jabbok <2999>, which is the border <1366> of the children <1121> of Ammon <5983>;
3. And from the plain <6160> to the sea <3220> of Chinneroth <3672> on the east <4217>, and unto the sea <3220> of the plain <6160>, even the salt <4417> sea <3220> on the east <4217>, the way <1870> to Bethjeshimoth <1020>; and from the south <8486>, under Ashdothpisgah <798>(8676) <794>:
4. And the coast <1366> of Og <5747> king <4428> of Bashan <1316>, which was of the remnant <3499> of the giants <7497>, that dwelt <3427>(8802) at Ashtaroth <6252> and at Edrei <154>,
5. And reigned <4910>(8802) in mount <2022> Hermon <2768>, and in Salcah <5548>, and in all Bashan <1316>, unto the border <1366> of the Geshurites <1651> and the Maachathites <4602>, and half <2677> Gilead <1568>, the border <1366> of Sihon <5511> king <4428> of Heshbon <2809>.
6. Them did Moses <4872> the servant <5650> of the LORD <3068> and the children <1121> of Israel <3478> smite <5221>(8689): and Moses <4872> the servant <5650> of the LORD <3068> gave <5414>(8799) it for a possession <3425> unto the Reubenites <7206>, and the Gadites <1425>, and the half <2677> tribe <7626> of Manasseh <4519>.
7. And these are the kings <4428> of the country <776> which Joshua <3091> and the children <1121> of Israel <3478> smote <5221>(8689) on this side <5676> Jordan <3383> on the west <3220>, from Baalgad <1171> in the valley <1237> of Lebanon <3844> even unto the mount <2022> Halak <2510>, that goeth up <5927>(8802) to Seir <8165>; which Joshua <3091> gave <5414>(8799) unto the tribes <7626> of Israel <3478> for a possession <3425> according to their divisions <4256>;
8. In the mountains <2022>, and in the valleys <8219>, and in the plains <6160>, and in the springs <794>, and in the wilderness <4057>, and in the south country <5045>; the Hittites <2850>, the Amorites <567>, and the Canaanites <3669>, the Perizzites <6522>, the Hivites <2340>, and the Jebusites <2983>:
9. The king <4428> of Jericho <3405>, one <259>; the king <4428> of Ai <5857>, which is beside <6654> Bethel <1008>, one <259>;
10. The king <4428> of Jerusalem <3389>, one <259>; the king <4428> of Hebron <2275>, one <259>;
11. The king <4428> of Jarmuth <3412>, one <259>; the king <4428> of Lachish <3923>, one <259>;
12. The king <4428> of Eglon <5700>, one <259>; the king <4428> of Gezer <1507>, one <259>;
13. The king <4428> of Debir <1688>, one <259>; the king <4428> of Geder <1445>, one <259>;
14. The king <4428> of Hormah <2767>, one <259>; the king <4428> of Arad <6166>, one <259>;
15. The king <4428> of Libnah <3841>, one <259>; the king <4428> of Adullam <5725>, one <259>;
16. The king <4428> of Makkedah <4719>, one <259>; the king <4428> of Bethel <1008>, one <259>;
17. The king <4428> of Tappuah <8599>, one <259>; the king <4428> of Hepher <2660>, one <259>;
18. The king <4428> of Aphek <663>, one <259>; the king <4428> of Lasharon <8289>, one <259>;
19. The king <4428> of Madon <4068>, one <259>; the king <4428> of Hazor <2674>, one <259>;
20. The king <4428> of Shimronmeron <8112>, one <259>; the king <4428> of Achshaph <407>, one <259>;
21. The king <4428> of Taanach <8590>, one <259>; the king <4428> of Megiddo <4023>, one <259>;
22. The king <4428> of Kedesh <6943>, one <259>; the king <4428> of Jokneam <3362> of Carmel <3760>, one <259>;
23. The king <4428> of Dor <1756> in the coast <5299> of Dor <1756>, one <259>; the king <4428> of the nations <1471> of Gilgal <1537>, one <259>;
24. The king <4428> of Tirzah <8656>, one <259>: all the kings <4428> thirty <7970> and one <259>.
Notes that are not verse specific
Today, more about Moab. Moab and Ammon were the children of Lot (Gen 19:30-38). But they were not included in God’s promises to Abraham. It’s interesting to note that Moab was a thorn in the side of Israel and Judah, as part of God’s promised punishments (in Deut 28 and other places), but they were not a part of the blessings. Nearness to God’s promises count for nothing. It’s inclusion in them that counts - and note Ruth (the Moabite’s) confession of “Thy people shall be my people, and thy God my God.” (Ruth 1:16)
David Simpson [Worcester (UK)] Comment added in 2005 Reply to David
The refugees from Moab were holed up in Edom. Their request for resettlement in Judah was denied because of their pride. Furthermore, it was prophesied that within three years, (sooner rather than later), Moab would be decimated. This was carried out in part by the Assyrians, but more thoroughly by the Babylonians.
Michael Parry [Montreal (Can)] Comment added in 2007 Reply to Michael
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1. Send <7971>(8798) ye the lamb <3733> to the ruler <4910>(8802) of the land <776> from Sela <5554> to the wilderness <4057>, unto the mount <2022> of the daughter <1323> of Zion <6726>.
2. For it shall be, that, as a wandering <5074>(8802) bird <5775> cast out <7971>(8794) of the nest <7064>, so the daughters <1323> of Moab <4124> shall be at the fords <4569> of Arnon <769>.
3. Take <935>(8685) counsel <6098>, execute <6213>(8798) judgment <6415>; make <7896>(8798) thy shadow <6738> as the night <3915> in the midst <8432> of the noonday <6672>; hide <5641>(8761) the outcasts <5080>(8737); bewray <1540>(8762) not him that wandereth <5074>(8802).
4. Let mine outcasts <5080>(8737) dwell <1481>(8799) with thee, Moab <4124>; be <1933>(8798) thou a covert <5643> to them from the face <6440> of the spoiler <7703>(8802): for the extortioner <4160>(8801) is at an end <656>(8804), the spoiler <7701> ceaseth <3615>(8804), the oppressors <7429>(8802) are consumed <8552>(8804) out of the land <776>.
5. And in mercy <2617> shall the throne <3678> be established <3559>(8717): and he shall sit <3427>(8804) upon it in truth <571> in the tabernacle <168> of David <1732>, judging <8199>(8802), and seeking <1875>(8802) judgment <4941>, and hasting <4106> righteousness <6664>.
6. We have heard <8085>(8804) of the pride <1347> of Moab <4124>; he is very <3966> proud <1341>: even of his haughtiness <1346>, and his pride <1347>, and his wrath <5678>: but his lies <907> shall not be so.
7. Therefore shall Moab <4124> howl <3213>(8686) for Moab <4124>, every one shall howl <3213>(8686): for the foundations <808> of Kirhareseth <7025> shall ye mourn <1897>(8799); surely they are stricken <5218>.
8. For the fields <7709> of Heshbon <2809> languish <535>(8797), and the vine <1612> of Sibmah <7643>: the lords <1167> of the heathen <1471> have broken down <1986>(8804) the principal plants <8291> thereof, they are come <5060>(8804) even unto Jazer <3270>, they wandered <8582>(8804) through the wilderness <4057>: her branches <7976> are stretched out <5203>(8738), they are gone over <5674>(8804) the sea <3220>.
9. Therefore I will bewail <1058>(8799) with the weeping <1065> of Jazer <3270> the vine <1612> of Sibmah <7643>: I will water <7301>(8762) thee with my tears <1832>, O Heshbon <2809>, and Elealeh <500>: for the shouting <1959> for thy summer fruits <7019> and for thy harvest <7105> is fallen <5307>(8804).
10. And gladness <8057> is taken away <622>(8738), and joy <1524> out of the plentiful field <3759>; and in the vineyards <3754> there shall be no singing <7442>(8792), neither shall there be shouting <7321>(8783): the treaders <1869>(8802) shall tread out <1869>(8799) no wine <3196> in their presses <3342>; I have made their vintage shouting <1959> to cease <7673>(8689).
11. Wherefore my bowels <4578> shall sound <1993>(8799) like an harp <3658> for Moab <4124>, and mine inward parts <7130> for Kirharesh <7025>.
12. And it shall come to pass, when it is seen <7200>(8738) that Moab <4124> is weary <3811>(8738) on the high place <1116>, that he shall come <935>(8804) to his sanctuary <4720> to pray <6419>(8692); but he shall not prevail <3201>(8799).
13. This is the word <1697> that the LORD <3068> hath spoken <1696>(8765) concerning Moab <4124> since that time <227>.
14. But now the LORD <3068> hath spoken <1696>(8765), saying <559>(8800), Within three <7969> years <8141>, as the years <8141> of an hireling <7916>, and the glory <3519> of Moab <4124> shall be contemned <7034>(8738), with all that great <7227> multitude <1995>; and the remnant <7605> shall be very <4592> small <4213> and feeble <3808> <3524>.
Notes that are not verse specific
The Lord knows those who are His
I've always loved this little verse and it brings great comfort to my heart.
Many people oftentimes claim to be experts on who is a part of the Body of Christ.
The truth is that everyone will ultimately be known by his fruit.
Matthew 7:20 - "Wherefore by their fruits ye shall know them."
John 6:44 - "No man can come to me, except the Father which hath sent me draw him:"
John 10:2, 11, 14 - Jesus Christ is the Good Shepherd of the sheep. The sheep follow His voice (verses 3-4).
1 Corinthians 15:23 - Jesus Christ knows those who are His at His coming
After Paul wrote that the Lord knows those who are His, he wrote: (v.19) “Let everyone who names the name of Christ depart from iniquity.”
When we let God and His Son do Their job, it helps us to have a clearer focus on our own behaviour.
He who has ears to hear let him hear.
Peter Dulis [toronto west] Comment added in 2010 Reply to Peter
its very easy in our lives to see ourselves as indespensable. To think that God's purpose is tied around us and were we to fail or decide to remove ourselves from God's work then God's plan would fail. But its not like that---"if we are faithless, he remains faithful, for he cannot disown himself". May we know this and may it provoke in us humility to serve our God knowing that we are but servants worthy of no praise but have only done their duty
Archbold Muhle [Bulawayo Zimbabwe] Comment added in 2011 Reply to Archbold
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1. Thou <4771> therefore <3767>, my <3450> son <5043>, be strong <1743>(5744) in <1722> the grace <5485> that is in <1722> Christ <5547> Jesus <2424>.
2. And <2532> the things <3739> that thou hast heard <191>(5656) of <3844> me <1700> among <1223> many <4183> witnesses <3144>, the same <5023> commit thou <3908>(5639) to faithful <4103> men <444>, who <3748> shall be <2071>(5704) able <2425> to teach <1321>(5658) others <2087> also <2532>.
3. Thou <4771> therefore <3767> endure hardness <2553>(5657), as <5613> a good <2570> soldier <4757> of Jesus <2424> Christ <5547>.
4. No man <3762> that warreth <4754>(5734) entangleth himself <1707>(5743) with the affairs <4230> of this life <979>; that <2443> he may please <700>(5661) him who hath chosen him to be a soldier <4758>(5660).
5. And <1161> if <1437> a man <5100> also <2532> strive <118>(5725) for masteries, yet is he <4737> <0> not <3756> crowned <4737>(5743), except <3362> he strive <118>(5661) lawfully <3545>.
6. The husbandman <1092> that laboureth <2872>(5723) must be <1163>(5748) first <4413> partaker <3335>(5721) of the fruits <2590>.
7. Consider <3539>(5720) what <3739> I say <3004>(5719); and <1063> the Lord <2962> give <1325>(5630) thee <4671> understanding <4907> in <1722> all things <3956>.
8. Remember <3421>(5720) that Jesus <2424> Christ <5547> of <1537> the seed <4690> of David <1138> was raised <1453>(5772) from <1537> the dead <3498> according to <2596> my <3450> gospel <2098>:
9. Wherein <1722> <3739> I suffer trouble <2553>(5719), as <5613> an evil doer <2557>, even unto <3360> bonds <1199>; but <235> the word <3056> of God <2316> is <1210> <0> not <3756> bound <1210>(5769).
10. Therefore <1223> <5124> I endure <5278>(5719) all things <3956> for the elect's sakes <1223> <1588>, that <2443> they <846> may <5177> <0> also <2532> obtain <5177>(5632) the salvation <4991> which <3588> is in <1722> Christ <5547> Jesus <2424> with <3326> eternal <166> glory <1391>.
11. It is a faithful <4103> saying <3056>: For <1063> if <1487> we be dead with <4880>(5627) him, we shall <4800> <0> also <2532> live with <4800>(5692) him:
12. If <1487> we suffer <5278>(5719), we shall <4821> <0> also <2532> reign with <4821>(5692) him: if <1487> we deny <720>(5736) him, he also <2548> will deny <720>(5695) us <2248>:
13. If <1487> we believe not <569>(5719), yet he <1565> abideth <3306>(5719) faithful <4103>: he cannot <3756> <1410>(5736) deny <720>(5664) himself <1438>.
14. Of these things <5023> put them in remembrance <5279>(5720), charging <1263>(5740) them before <1799> the Lord <2962> that they strive <3054> <0> not <3361> about words <3054>(5721) to <1519> no <3762> profit <5539>, but to <1909> the subverting <2692> of the hearers <191>(5723).
15. Study <4704>(5657) to shew <3936>(5658) thyself <4572> approved <1384> unto God <2316>, a workman <2040> that needeth not to be ashamed <422>, rightly dividing <3718>(5723) the word <3056> of truth <225>.
16. But <1161> shun <4026>(5732) profane <952> and vain babblings <2757>: for <1063> they will increase <4298>(5692) unto <1909> more <4119> ungodliness <763>.
17. And <2532> their <846> word <3056> will eat <2192>(5692) <3542> as <5613> doth a canker <1044>: of whom <3739> is <2076>(5748) Hymenaeus <5211> and <2532> Philetus <5372>;
18. Who <3748> concerning <4012> the truth <225> have erred <795>(5656), saying <3004>(5723) that the resurrection <386> is past <1096>(5755) already <2235>; and <2532> overthrow <396>(5719) the faith <4102> of some <5100>.
19. Nevertheless <3303> <3305> <5104> the foundation <2310> of God <2316> standeth <2476>(5758) sure <4731>, having <2192>(5723) this <5026> seal <4973>, The Lord <2962> knoweth <1097>(5627) them that are <5607>(5752) his <848>. And <2532>, Let <868> <0> every one <3956> that nameth <3687>(5723) the name <3686> of Christ <5547> depart <868>(5628) from <575> iniquity <93>.
20. But <1161> in <1722> a great <3173> house <3614> there are <2076>(5748) not <3756> only <3440> vessels <4632> of gold <5552> and <2532> of silver <693>, but <235> also <2532> of wood <3585> and <2532> of earth <3749>; and <2532> some <3739> <3303> to <1519> honour <5092>, and <1161> some <3739> to <1519> dishonour <819>.
21. If <1437> a man <5100> therefore <3767> purge <1571>(5661) himself <1438> from <575> these <5130>, he shall be <2071>(5704) a vessel <4632> unto <1519> honour <5092>, sanctified <37>(5772), and <2532> meet <2173> for the master's use <1203>, and prepared <2090>(5772) unto <1519> every <3956> good <18> work <2041>.
22. Flee <5343>(5720) also <1161> youthful <3512> lusts <1939>: but <1161> follow <1377>(5720) righteousness <1343>, faith <4102>, charity <26>, peace <1515>, with <3326> them that call on <1941>(5734) the Lord <2962> out of <1537> a pure <2513> heart <2588>.
23. But <1161> foolish <3474> and <2532> unlearned <521> questions <2214> avoid <3868>(5737), knowing <1492>(5761) that <3754> they do gender <1080>(5719) strifes <3163>.
24. And <1161> the servant <1401> of the Lord <2962> must <1163>(5748) not <3756> strive <3164>(5738); but <235> be <1511>(5750) gentle <2261> unto <4314> all <3956> men, apt to teach <1317>, patient <420>,
25. In <1722> meekness <4236> instructing <3811>(5723) those that oppose themselves <475>(5734); if <3379> <0> God <2316> peradventure <3379> will give <1325>(5632) them <846> repentance <3341> to <1519> the acknowledging <1922> of the truth <225>;
26. And <2532> that they may recover themselves <366>(5661) out of <1537> the snare <3803> of the devil <1228>, who are taken captive <2221>(5772) by <5259> him <846> at <1519> his <1565> will <2307>.